RP-1:LAUNDRESS Syllabus Notes

Laundress :Must wash and finish and bring to examination : (a) A white cotton garment. (b) A coloured cotton garment. (c) A woolen garment or a pair of stockings. (d) Blouse or equivalent or child's dress with insert sleeves, silk, where possible. (ii) Must be able to remove stains and make boiling water starch. Note : Some parts of this test must be demonstrated in the presence of the examiner.
Must wash and finish and bring to examination : (a) A white cotton garment. (b) A coloured cotton garment. (c) A woolen garment or a pair of stockings. (d) Blouse or equivalent or child's dress with insert sleeves, silk, where possible.
How to Use a Washing Machine
Washing machines are incredibly convenient and easy-to-use household appliances, but can take a bit of getting used to. If you've just gotten your first, or are branching out into doing your own laundry for the first time, have no fear. You can easily learn to operate a washing machine, learn which detergent and fabric softener is best for which kinds of garments, and prevent your clothes' colours from bleeding or ruining your whites.Check the tags for special washing instructions. Most clothes are machine washable, but always check the tag for further instructions. Some clothes might shrink if you use warm or hot water to wash. Some might be able to handle bleach and some might not. And some garments can't be washed in a machine, such as certain silks and delicates. Always check the label carefully.Put aside clothes that are labeled as "hand wash only" or "dry clean only".In most shirts, clothing care labels are located on the inside left side of the shirt or inside the neck area.In most pants, clothing care labels are located on the inside of the back of the pants.Separate your laundry by "colour". Dyes in clothes, especially pieces that are new, lose their colour during a wash. The colour can bleed onto other clothes and damage your entire load. When you sort your laundry by "colour", this usually means differentiating them by shade. The most basic way to sort your clothes is to separate your darks from lights and wash them separately. You can even sort them more thoroughly by colour.Darks include colours such as blacks, greys, dark blues, dark reds, and dark purples.Lights include pastel colours like whites, pinks, yellows, light blues, light greens, and lavender.Jeans or dark denims especially bleed their colour and should be washed in their own separate load.Sort your clothes by fabric weight. Additionally or alternatively, you can protect your clothes from wear and tear in the washing machine by sorting heavier fabrics from lighter weight fabrics. Most washing machines spin and toss clothes around, and the extra aggravation from heavy fabrics might ruin lightweight fabrics. As well, if you're washing a delicate or lightweight load, the cycle's settings and temperature will be different from a heavier fabric load.Delicates like lingerie, pantyhose, and washable silks should be washed separately.[1]Heavy fabrics include items such as heavy cotton pants, bath towels, jackets, or sweaters.If you choose to sort only by fabric, you can save a lot of energy and money from having to wash multiple colour loads.Put delicates into mesh wash bags. Instead of washing delicates separately, you can place delicates into mesh wash bags to protect them from harsh wear and tear. Mesh wash bags can come in various sizes but generally are used to protect only one or a few pieces of garments. They can be washed together with a normal load.Mesh wash bags don't protect garments from colours bleeding, so be sure to wash them with similarly coloured loads. In most cases, delicates will not bleed and would be safe to wash with a light coloured load.(ii) Must be able to remove stains and make boiling water starch. Note : Some parts of this test must be demonstrated in the presence of the examiner.Separate out stained clothing. Some stains need special treatment before you can put the garment into the wash. The most popular stains that need pre-treatment are grease and oil stains.Avoid washing or drying stained clothing in the machine. Certain stains set when heat is added, making them difficult to remove.AdvertisementChoose the right washing cycle. Wash cycles consist of two important speeds: a speed at which it agitates or tumbles the clothes with water, and a speed that spins the water out of the clothes. Depending on what you're washing, the wash cycle you choose should match what kind of fabric you're washing to help maximize cleanliness while also protecting your clothes.Normal Cycle: This cycle goes with a fast/fast approach -- it tumbles fast and spins fast. It helps with cleaning very dirty and sweaty clothes, and is what you will most likely use on a regular basis. Sturdy fabrics like cotton, linen, denim, towels, and bedding do quite well in a normal cycle.Permanent or Perm Press: This cycle goes with a fast/slow approach. These fabrics need fast agitation to be clean but a slow spin to prevent wrinkles. Use this cycle for synthetic fibres like rayons, knits, polyesters, and acetates. Synthetic fibres are known to pill, or create small balls of fibre and slow spin cycles help prevent pilling.Delicate Cycle: This cycle uses a slow/slow approach, reducing agitation and preventing wear and tear. However, the level of cleanliness decreases with its slow tumbling. This cycle is best used for specific or special garments like lingerie, sequinned clothing, laced or loosely woven fabrics, or items made of sheer fabrics like pantyhose.Special cycles: Newer models of washing machines have special cycles that do things such as sanitize, steam, or claim to protect whites and remove stains. Consult your machine's manual for further explanations on what each special cycle does.Set the water temperature. In theory, the hotter the water, the cleaner the clothes. Hot water sanitizes and kills germs better, dissolves detergents more effectively, and removes built up grime so clothes look brighter and cleaner. However, in some cases, hot water can shrink clothes, fade fabrics, set certain stains in, and can be quite expensive for your energy bill.[3] So choose a water temperature that your fabrics can stand but also what you can afford for the best results.Use cool water in the delicate cycle for delicate items, items that have dyes that might bleed, or clothes that aren't especially dirty.Use warm water in the permanent press cycle, dark colours, and moderately dirty loads.Use hot water for bath and kitchen towels, bedding, sturdy fabrics, or any extremely dirtied items.Cold water is the most energy efficient way of washing clothes. About 90 percent of energy used in hot washing cycles is used to heat up the water.[4] It is also the most gentlest way of washing your garments.For some machines, the water temperature is already preset according to what cycle you choose. For example, a normal cycle will most likely use hot water that is 30 °C or 40 °C (85 °F to 75 °F).Pour in detergent and other boosters like fabric softener. It's important to read your washer's manual and find out what type of detergent your machine can handle and also where to put the detergent. Most machines these days can handle liquid and power detergents, as well as other cleaning agents like bleach.Front-loading washing machines usually have a drawer to dispense detergent and will have separate compartments to place fabric softener or bleach. Your machine will dispense the detergents at the right moment for you.Top-loading washing machines require you to pour the detergent right into the drum before you start your cycle. It's best to add your detergents before you load your clothes so the high concentration of detergent doesn't stain or damage your clothes. And in some cases, it's best to turn on the water so the detergent dissolves before you load your clothes in.The amount of detergent needed varies by brand of detergent and type of washer, so check the back of the detergent box and also look for any labels on your washing machine to find out how much to use.Load your washer with clothes. This is pretty simple – just dump your clothes in, but be careful not to overcrowd your clothes. You need space for your garments to move and clean themselves. Some machines may even have options to indicate whether your load is small, medium, or heavy. This option adjusts the water levels within your wash cycle according to the size of the load.Small loads fill about a third (1/3) of your machine.Medium loads fill half (1/2) of your machine.Large loads fill three fourths (3/4) of your machine.Turn on your washer. Ah, sweet success, now all you have to do is hit that on button and you're ready to go! But remember to close the door!How to Wash a Dry Clean Only GarmentManufacturers label their garments with washing and drying instructions, they are designed to help the item last as long as possible. However, if you have a closet full of clothes labeled "Dry Clean Only," you may be looking for a cleaning option that is less expensive and more convenient. Many items with this label can be successfully washed at home using one of three methods: hand washing, gentle machine washing, or using a home dry cleaning kit.1Read the garment's label. If the item is made from wool, silk, or cotton, you may gently wash it by hand.Avoid washing suede, leather, fur, feathers, and other extremely fragile fabrics by hand. These should be taken to the dry cleaner for a professional cleaning.2Mix soap with cold water in a basin or bucket. Use soap flakes or a mild detergent, and agitate the water a bit so that it produces some foam.Never use hot water on items that are meant to be dry cleaned. It will damage the fibers and cause the fabric to shrink.Woolite is an acceptable detergent to use when hand washing wool.3Dip the garment in and out of the soapy water. Submerge it completely, then lift it from the water and dip it again.Rub any areas that are soiled, such as the armpits and collars, using your finger tips.Don't use an abrasive scrubber on the clothing, since this may damage the fibers.4Rinse the garment. Drain the basin of soapy water and fill it with fresh cold water. Dip the garment in and out of the clean water until it is no longer covered in soap.5Lay the garment out on a clean absorbent towel. Roll the towel up with the item inside, squeezing gently to remove water.Unroll the towel, move the garment to a dry spot, then roll the towel again. Repeat the process three to five times until the garment is no longer dripping.Do not wring the garment out, since you could damage the fragile fibers.6Reshape the garment and lay it flat to dry. If it is made from a stiffer fabric that won't get misshapen by hanging, place it on a hanger and hang it up to dry.Cleaning by Machine- 1Read the garment's label. Reserve gentle machine washing for items with stiffer fabric that won't get misshapen if agitated. Cottons, linens, and durable polyesters can usually withstand machine washing.2Set your washing machine to its gentlest cycle. The water should be cold, not warm or hot. Use a mild detergent to wash the clothing.Wash your dry-clean-only items on the gentle cycle.3Remove items from wash as soon as the cycle is over. Lay them flat or hang them to dry.1Buy a home dry cleaning kit. These kits come with a bottle of stain remover, dry cleaning sheets, and a dry cleaning bag.2Read the garment's label. Dry cleaning kits are useful for silks, polyesters, and other delicates that are not heavily soiled. If your garment is heavily soiled, it's best to take it to the dry cleaner instead.3Use the stain remover to clean stains. The stain remover that comes with dry cleaning kits is the same as stain remover that you buy separately at the store Apply it according to the instructions it came with.If you're concerned that the stain remover may leave a mark on your clothing, do a spot test in a discreet place to make sure it's safe to use.Don't use stain remover on large stains. If a stain is covering a large spot on your clothing, it's best to take it to a dry cleaner instead of trying to remove it at home.4Place the garment in the dry cleaning bag. Add a dry cleaning sheet to the bag. The sheet will release perfume and a little moisture to freshen the garment during the dry cleaning process.5Place the bag in the dryer. Start the dryer's gentle cycle, making sure the dryer is set to use only low heat. When the cycle is complete, remove the bag from the dryer.6Place the garment on a hanger. As the garment airs out, the wrinkles would get rid off.SUMMARY:In our house, we have Top-loading Washing Machine. First I have put all the white cotton garments, Coloured cotton Garments & Blouse and Child’s dress with insert sleeves, silk – in the Machine. I have opened the tap water already connected to the Machine. Then I have switched on the Washing Machine connected plug. Then I have pressed the POWER ON button in the Washing Machine. Then pressed the START/PAUSE button. Now inner started to make a few circles and beep sound came with indicating light to put ONE CUP of Soap powder. I have put a Cup full of Surf Excel Soap Powder by opening the Top of the Washing Machine IN THE CUP provided for it, where water is already flowing and wiping out the soap powder and mixes with the Clothes. I have closed the Top of the Washing Machine. After a few minutes the Washing Machine started Circling inside. I have understood that washing is going on. This was indicating on the Top of Machine at WASH OPTIONS as flickering at SOAK, WASH, RINSE, SPIN. When all the indicating Lights are on, one by one started flickering first at SOAK. Then after a few minutes the second Light started flickering at WASH. Now the First Flickering Light gone off. Then after a few minutes the Third Light started flickering at RINSE, when the Second Light was put off. Then after a few minutes the Fourth Light started flickering at SPIN, when the third Light was also put off. Now I have understood that the Washing Machine starts the work of Soaking the Clothes with sufficient water and mixes the Soap powder. Then at the Wash indicating time, it washes the Clothes. Continued with Rinse when the Rinse indicating Light goes on flickering. Next when the SPIN indicating Light starts flickering, I believed all the Clothes washed are getting dried. Finally, a Beep Sound started indicating that all the process of Washing and Drying is over. Now, I have opened the Top and took out all the white Cotton Garments, Coloured Cotton Garments & Blouse and Child’s dress with insert sleeves, silk. Then I have separated the white Cotton Garments and put in a bucket full of water, where already I have mixed the Ujala Blue drops ready.